直線電機的基本結構是什么，一(yi)般都(dou)分為(wei)(wei)哪些(xie)呢？直線(xian)電(dian)機的(de)定子是(shi)從定子演變而來的(de)側面稱為(wei)(wei)初級(ji)，轉子演變而來的(de)一(yi)側為(wei)(wei)次級(ji)。此外，直線(xian)電(dian)機還具有圓(yuan)弧(hu)型(xing)和圓(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)型(xing)結構。所謂圓(yuan)弧(hu)型(xing)結構，就是(shi)把主平面直線(xian)電(dian)機沿運(yun)動的(de)方向變成一(yi)段(duan)圓(yuan)弧(hu)，并(bing)把它(ta)放(fang)在(zai)圓(yuan)柱上(shang)。圓(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)式直線(xian)電(dian)機置(zhi)于(yu)靠(kao)近外緣的(de)第二圓(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)平面上(shang)。

　　直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機是按原理可以分為直線直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動機、直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機、直線步進電(dian)(dian)(dian)機、混(hun)合直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機。直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機按勵磁(ci)方(fang)式可分為永(yong)磁(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機（同(tong)步）和感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)機（異步）。永(yong)磁(ci)直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的二次部(bu)分是由幾種(zhong)磁(ci)鋼鋪設(she)而成。主要部(bu)分是鐵芯三相(xiang)繞組。異步直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的一(yi)級(ji)與(yu)永(yong)磁(ci)直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機相(xiang)同(tong)，二級(ji)采用自動短路無反饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)格柵條代(dai)替永(yong)磁(ci)直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的磁(ci)鋼。永(yong)磁(ci)直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機在單位面(mian)積(ji)、推力效率(lv)、可控性等方(fang)面(mian)優于感應直線電(dian)(dian)(dian)機，但其成本高、工藝復雜，并(bing)給機床(chuang)的設(she)備(bei)、使用和維護(hu)帶來不(bu)便。