從定(ding)子進化(hua)而來(lai)的(de)(de)直線電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)一(yi)側(ce)稱為初級電(dian)機(ji)，從轉子進化(hua)而來(lai)的(de)(de)一(yi)側(ce)稱為次(ci)級電(dian)機(ji)。在(zai)實際應(ying)用中，將(jiang)主次(ci)線編制成(cheng)不同的(de)(de)長度，主次(ci)先的(de)(de)耦合保持在(zai)形成(cheng)范圍內(nei)。直線電機也可以短一次(ci)長二次(ci)，相反也是。

　　以直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)感應(ying)為例(li)，在(zai)(zai)考(kao)慮制(zhi)造(zao)成(cheng)本和運(yun)行成(cheng)本的(de)情況下，如(ru)果采用交(jiao)流電(dian)源初(chu)級線(xian)圈，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)氣體間隙(xi)中產(chan)(chan)生行波磁(ci)場，在(zai)(zai)次生磁(ci)場切割下產(chan)(chan)生感應(ying)電(dian)動勢和電(dian)流。如(ru)果主(zhu)推進器是固定的(de)，那么(me)副推進器將在(zai)(zai)推力(li)的(de)作用下沿直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)動。直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)在(zai)(zai)驅動控制(zhi)技術的(de)應(ying)用系統有著較好的(de)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)機(ji)，需要在(zai)(zai)安全可(ke)靠(kao)平的(de)條件(jian)下達(da)成(cheng)技術經濟要去的(de)控制(zhi)系統。

　　相當于直線電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)可以(yi)分成(cheng)三個方(fang)面(mian)：一是(shi)傳(chuan)統(tong)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，二是(shi)現(xian)代控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)，三是(shi)智能(neng)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)直線電(dian)機(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)和解(jie)耦(ou)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交流伺服(fu)系統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)得(de)到了廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)應(ying)用。控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)以(yi)便提(ti)高控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)果(guo)，一般是(shi)采用解(jie)耦(ou)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和矢量控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，直線電(dian)機(ji)選(xuan)擇傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)一種簡單有效(xiao)的(de)(de)方(fang)法，在模(mo)型確定、不改(gai)變(bian)、運行(xing)條(tiao)件(jian)和運行(xing)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)固定的(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下。在高性(xing)能(neng)高精度微進給系統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)，需要考(kao)慮(lv)對(dui)象結構的(de)(de)和參數的(de)(de)變(bian)化。各種非(fei)線性(xing)影響、運行(xing)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)變(bian)化和環(huan)境(jing)(jing)干擾(rao)等時間和不確定因(yin)素下，都(dou)能(neng)得(de)到非(fei)常(chang)滿意的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)果(guo)。因(yin)此，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)在直線電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)受到了非(fei)常(chang)重要的(de)(de)關(guan)注。